navigation | technology

Navigation is derived from the Latin navis ( “ transport ” ) and agere ( “ to drive ” ). early mariners who embarked on voyages of exploration gradually developed systematic methods of observing and recording their side, the distances and directions they traveled, the currents of hoist and water, and the hazards and havens they encountered. The facts accumulated in their journals made it potential for them to find their way home and for them or their successors to repeat and extend their exploits. Each successful landfall became a signpost along a path that could be retraced and integrated into a growing body of reliable information .

Britannica Quiz
Travel and Navigation
You may be familiar with voice-activated GPS gadgets, but what about a half-hitch ? An altimeter ? Travel beyond interstate highways and high-speed trains, and navigate the questions in this quiz .
For these pathfinders, the risk of running into another vessel was negligible, but, as traffic expanded along established routes, collision avoidance became a concern. stress shifted from finding the way to maintaining safe distances between craft moving in diverse directions at unlike speeds. Larger ships are easier to see but require more prison term to change rush or management. When many ships are in a little area, an evasive carry through taken to avoid a collision may endanger other ships. This problem has been alleviated near interfering seaports by confining incoming and outgoing ships to separate lanes, which are distinctly marked and divided by the greatest practical distance. Airplanes travel indeed fast that, even though two pilots may see one another in clock to initiate evasive action, their maneuvers may be nullified if either one incorrectly predicts the other ’ second move. Ground-based atmosphere dealings controllers are charged with the responsibility for assigning aircraft to selected paths that minimize the likelihood of collision. Civil atmosphere navigation is profoundly influenced by the requirements of following the instructions of these controllers.

The second coming of steam-powered ships during the first half of the nineteenth hundred added the problem of minimizing fuel consumption to the navigator ’ mho duties. In detail, beyond a certain base hit factor, carrying excess fuel needlessly reduces cargo capacity. adhesiveness to a preset agenda, a count of critical importance in space navigation in joining with fuel consumption, has become important in ocean and vent navigation for a different argue. Today each voyage or flight is a individual associate in a coordinate net of transportation that carries people and goods from any starting plaza to any choose destination. The efficient process of the whole system depends upon assurance that each journey will begin and end at the specified times. modern navigation, in short, has to do with a globally integrated transportation arrangement in which each voyage from originate to finish is concerned with four basic objectives : staying on naturally, avoiding collisions, minimizing fuel pulmonary tuberculosis, and conforming to an established timetable.