not to be confused with Barents Sea The Bering Sea (, ; [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] russian : Бе́рингово мо́ре, tr. Béringovo móre ) is a marginal sea of the Northern Pacific Ocean. It forms, along with the Bering Strait, the separate between the two largest landmasses on earth : eurasia and The Americas. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It comprises a deep water system river basin, which then rises through a narrow slope into the shallower water above the continental shelves. The Bering Sea is named for Vitus Bering, a danish navigator in russian servicing, who, in 1728, was the inaugural european to systematically explore it, sailing from the Pacific Ocean north to the Arctic Ocean. [ 6 ] The Bering Sea is separated from the Gulf of Alaska by the Alaska Peninsula. It covers over 2,000,000 square kilometers ( 770,000 sq myocardial infarction ) and is bordered on the east and northeast by Alaska, on the west by the Russian Far East and the Kamchatka Peninsula, on the confederacy by the Alaska Peninsula and the aleutian Islands and on the far north by the Bering Strait, which connects the Bering Sea to the Arctic Ocean ‘s Chukchi Sea. [ 7 ] Bristol Bay is the assign of the Bering Sea between the Alaska Peninsula and Cape Newenham on mainland Southwest Alaska.
Reading: Bering Sea – Wikipedia
The Bering Sea ecosystem includes resources within the legal power of the United States and Russia, american samoa well as international waters in the middle of the sea ( known as the “ Donut Hole ” [ 8 ] ). The interaction between currents, ocean frosting, and weather makes for a vigorous and productive ecosystem .
history [edit ]
Most scientists think that during the most recent ice long time, ocean tied was low enough to allow humans to migrate east on infantry from Asia to North America across what is now the Bering Strait. other animals including megafauna migrated in both directions. This is normally referred to as the “ Bering domain bridge “ and is accepted by most, though not all scientists, to be the beginning point of introduction of humans into the Americas. There is a belittled assign of the Kula Plate in the Bering Sea. The Kula Plate is an ancient tectonic plate that used to subduct under Alaska. [ 9 ] On 18 December 2018, a large meteoroid exploded above the Bering Sea. The meteor exploded at an elevation of 25.6km releasing 49 kilotons of energy. [ 10 ] [ 11 ]
geography [edit ]
Bering Sea showing the larger of the submarine canyons that cut the allowance
extent [edit ]
The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Bering Sea as follows : [ 12 ]
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- On the North. The Southern limit of the Chuckchi Sea [sic] [The Arctic Circle between Siberia and Alaska].
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- On the South. A line running from Kabuch Point ( ) in the Alaskan Peninsula, through the Aleutian Islands to the South extremes of the Komandorski Islands and on to Cape Kamchatka in such a way that all the narrow waters between Alaska and Kamchatka are included in the Bering Sea.
Islands [edit ]
Islands of the Bering Sea include :
Regions [edit ]
Regions of the Bering Sea include :
The Bering Sea contains 16 submarine canyons including the largest submarine canyon in the world, Zhemchug Canyon .
The russian “ Rurik ” sets anchor near Saint Paul Island in the Bering sea in order to load food and equipment for the expedition to the Chukchi sea in the union. puff by Louis Choris in 1817 .
Odobenus rosmarus divergens), hauled out on Bering Sea ice, Alaska, June 1978. (Source: NOAA) Walrus ( ), hauled out on Bering Sea frosting, Alaska, June 1978. ( generator : national oceanic and atmospheric administration )
Snailfish, a non-commercial fish, caught in the eastern Bering Sea
antenna opinion of Tutakoke Bird Camp on the coast of the Bering Sea, south of Hooper Bay
ecosystem [edit ]
The Bering Sea ledge break is the prevailing driver of primary productiveness in the Bering Sea. [ 16 ] This zone, where the shallower continental ledge drops off into the North Aleutians Basin is besides known as the “ Greenbelt ”. Nutrient upwelling from the cold waters of the aleut basin flowing up the gradient and mixing with shallower waters of the shelf provide for changeless production of phytoplankton. The second driver of productivity in the Bering Sea is seasonal sea ice that, in separate, triggers the give phytoplankton efflorescence. seasonal worker liquescent of sea internal-combustion engine causes an inflow of lower brininess water into the middle and early ledge areas, causing stratification and hydrographic effects which influence productiveness. [ 17 ] In accession to the hydrographic and productivity charm of melting sea ice, the ice itself besides provides an attachment substrate for the growth of alga adenine well as interstitial methamphetamine alga. [ citation needed ] Some evidence suggests that great changes to the Bering Sea ecosystem have already occurred. warm water conditions in the summer of 1997 resulted in a massive bloom of low energy coccolithophorid phytoplankton ( Stockwell et alabama. 2001 ). A retentive record of carbon isotopes, which is reflective of chief product trends of the Bering Sea, exists from historical samples of bowhead whale whalebone. [ 18 ] Trends in carbon paper isotope ratios in whale whalebone samples suggest that a 30–40 % decline in average seasonal primary coil productiveness has occurred over the last 50 years. [ 18 ] The significance is that the carrying capacitance of the Bering Sea is a lot lower immediately than it has been in the past .
biodiversity [edit ]
The sea supports many whale species including the white whale, humpback giant, bowhead whale, gray whale and blasphemous giant, the vulnerable sperm whale, and the endangered fin giant, sei whale and the rare in the world, the North Pacific proper giant. other marine mammals include walrus, Steller sea lion, northerly fur seal, killer whale and polar hold. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] The Bering Sea is very important to the seabirds of the world. Over 30 species of seabirds and approximately 20 million individuals breed in the Bering Sea region. [ citation needed ] Seabird species include crested puffins, the endangered short-tailed albatross, spectacled eider, and red-legged kittiwakes. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] Many of these species are unique to the area, which provides highly productive scrounge habitat, particularly along the shelf boundary and in early nutrient-rich upwelling regions, such as the Pribilof, Zhemchug, and Pervenets canyons. The Bering Sea is besides home plate to colonies of crested auklets, with upwards of a million individuals. [ citation needed ]
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Two Bering Sea species, the Steller ‘s sea cow ( Hydrodamalis gigas ) and spectacled cormorant ( Phalacrocorax perspicillatus ), are extinct because of overexploitation by world. In summation, a small subspecies of Canada goose, the Bering Canada fathead ( Branta canadensis asiatica ) is extinct due to overhunting and the introduction of rats to their breeding islands. The Bering Sea supports many species of pisces, some of which accompaniment large and valuable commercial fisheries. commercial pisces species include Pacific tease, several species of flatfish, sablefish, Pacific salmon, and Pacific herring. mollusk include crimson king crab and snow crab. [ 23 ] pisces biodiversity is high, and at least 419 species of fish have been reported from the Bering Sea .
Fisheries [edit ]
The Bering Sea is world-renowned for its fat and profitable fisheries, such as king crab, [ 24 ] opilio and sixpence crabs, Bristol Bay pink-orange, pollack and other groundfish. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] These fisheries rely on the productiveness of the Bering Sea via a complicate and fiddling silent food world wide web. commercial fish is lucrative business in the Bering Sea, which is relied upon by the largest seafood companies in the worldly concern to produce fish and mollusk. [ 27 ] On the U.S. side, commercial fisheries catch approximately $ 1 billion worth of seafood per annum, while russian Bering Sea fisheries are worth approximately $ 600 million annually. [ citation needed ] The Bering Sea besides serves as the cardinal localization of the Alaskan king cancer and snow crab seasons, which are chronicled on the Discovery Channel television course of study Deadliest Catch. Landings from alaskan waters represents half the U.S. catch of fish and mollusk. [ citation needed ]
change [edit ]
Because of the changes going on in the Arctic, the future evolution of the Bering Sea climate/ecosystem is uncertain. [ 28 ] Between 1979 and 2012, the region experienced little growth in ocean ice extent, standing in line to the hearty loss of summer ocean frost in the Arctic Ocean to the north. [ 29 ]
In media [edit ]
‘The White Seal ‘, one of many chapters on Rudyard Kipling ‘s The Jungle Book, features the Bering Sea as the birthplace and fatherland of Kotick, a rare white fur sealing wax. The film Harbinger Down, which was released on August 7, 2015, was about a group of grad students who booked passage on the crabbing gravy boat Harbinger to study the effects of global thaw on a pod of white whale whales in the Bering Sea. [ 30 ] One of the central characters in the 1949 film Down to the Sea in Ships has the given name “ Bering ” due to having been born in a ship crossing the Bering Sea. [ 31 ] The 2002 supernatural thriller, Ghost Ship, directed by Steve Beck, follows a nautical salvage crowd in the Bering Sea who discover the lose italian ocean lining, Antonia Graza that disappeared in 1962 .
gallery [edit ]
In the top-right corner of the picture is Alaska ‘s mainland blanketed with snow, equally well as Nunivak Island. At the centre of the image are the islands of Saint Paul and Saint George – partially of the Pribilof Islands. besides note the von Kármán vortex street ( swirly overcast ) in the in-between right .
Satellite photograph of the Bering Sea – Alaska is on the top right, Siberia on the top leave
Bering Sea in the North Pacific Ocean
See besides [edit ]
References [edit ]
foster learn [edit ]
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