Types of transport
Loads of traditional nautical transport are divided into :
- groupage
(LCL) - full
container (FCL).
particularly designed ships are used in the alleged outsize transport ( eg, transportation of hoist farms, machines ). It is divided into loads :
- loose
(aggregates, coal, grains) – with bulk carriers - liquid –
using tankers. - rolling
(cars, trucks) – ro-ro ships are used
LCL – in this case, we use containers, but the customer “ shares ” its outer space with others. In this way, it reduces ecstasy costs .
A ship from
China – The main ports for transport between Europe and China
Europe has many ports. Most goods are transported through intermediaries of five container ports. These are Antwerp ( Belgium ), Felixstowe ( United Kingdom ), Hamburg ( Germany ), Le Havre ( France ), and besides Rotterdam ( the Netherlands ) .
It is besides popular to send shipments from China to Aarhus, Alesund, Amsterdam, Arkhangelsk, Belfast, Bergen, Bilbao, Bremerhaven, Bristol, Dublin, Dunkirk, Gavle, Gdańsk, Gdynia, Gothenburg, Helsingborg, Helsinki, Kaliningrad, Kotka, Copenhagen, Kristiansand, Liverpool, Odessa, Oslo, Tallinn, and besides Palmas .
Sea fright
– travel time
Furthemore, rom loading on a embark, the goods sweep to the destination port from 4 to 6 weeks. It is difficult to say precisely how retentive conveyance from China to Europe is going. Speed-up of the process is possible when using the services of forwarding companies. They maintain contacts with chinese customs agencies indeed that the formalities are deal with fast .
The customs see of loading, freight, loading the ship in China, unloading at the destination port needs meter. In the case of resignation from self-pickup, the fourth dimension required for the forward party to deliver the goods to the recipient should besides be taken into account. For exemplar, a container from the port of Shanghai to Gdańsk travels by ocean normally 30-33 days. For comparison, rail transport from China to Poland takes from 9 to 14 days .
Ship from China
Estimated ecstasy time between selected ports :
|
Le Havre |
Felixstowe | Antwerp | Rotterdam | Bremerhaven | Hamburg | Gdansk | |
| Dalian | 34 | 34 | 41 | 32 | 36 | 34 | 47 |
| Tianjin | 33 | 35 | 41 | 33 | 37 | 37 | 48 |
| Qingdao | 28 | 30 | 39 | 31 | 31 | 29 | 36 |
| Shanghai | 26 | 26 | 32 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 33 |
| Ningbo | 32 | 26 | 30 | 28 | 30 | 28 | 37 |
| Xiamen | 26 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 26 | 27 | 44 |
| Guangzhou | 26 | 29 | 28 | 26 | 29 | 28 | 44 |
| Shenzhen | 22 | 22 | 26 | 22 | 24 | 24 | 34 |
Transit
time and door-to-door delivery
The delivery time described in the mesa above is transportation system clock, which is the passage time from larboard to port. When importing from China, it is necessary to take an amendment to the door to door transport, i, the time what product needs to reach to the recipient from the chinese supplier. Which sometimes cause a few days delay. This is due to the need to carry out customs headroom ( potential revision of the cargo ), falling out at a given fourth dimension exempt of wheel transport ( weekends and holidays ). All factors cause the entire door to door to be extended by an extra 5-7 days .
The cost of
sea transport – Ship from China
Sea freight is the cheapest choice when transporting goods to and from China. however, prices change every month and sometimes every workweek .
The dollar exchange rate chiefly influences the cost of ocean transportation. All forwarding services are settled using it. other factors that fuel up the final examination price are the cost of fuel, the payment for passage of territorial waters, distance, ball-shaped market position, adenine well as the findings of the largest shipowners.
Traditional
maritime route – The ship’s way from China
The traditional nautical road between China and Europe runs through the South China Sea, the Malacca Strait, the waters of the indian Ocean and the Suez Canal. This route from China normally takes in 30-48 days .
Goods from Asia to Europe, sail through the Suez Canal. And from Japan to the Caribbean Sea through the Panama Canal. The choice of choosing a road appears during ecstasy from China to the East Coast of the United States. It is worth noting that the majority of vessels servicing trade between Asia and America returned to the Panama Canal. They left it for the Suez Canal in 2014 .
| Panama Canal | Suez Canal |
|
16 permanent marine services with container vessels with an average capacity of 4.6 thousand TEU |
9 connections, higher average container capacity, ie, 7.8 thousand TEU |
New route –
North Sea Road
The Northern Sea Route ( NSR ) – besides known as the northeast Passage – is the shortest sea route connecting Europe and the Far East. It counts about 3,000 nautical miles and stretches along the northerly coast of Russia, from the Karski Gate to the Bering Strait. The distance between Europe and the Far East is reduced by up to one third compared to the traditional route leading through the Suez Canal .
formal barriers were removed in 2010. It was then permitted to use this route for the non-Russian mass carrier Nordic Barents. The trip from the norwegian Kirkens to China began on September 4. It reached the Bering Strait on September 15, 2010, in a record meter of 12 days. In the crossbreed, he was accompanied by russian nuclear icebreakers, whose aid price amounted to 146,000 euros. late, the Sovcomflot company ’ south tanker, route from Norway to South Korea crossed within 6.5 days. The ship Christophe de Margerie went without the help of icebreakers. Its construction made it possible to perform such a affair .
More information
due to the crossing time from western Europe to North-East Asia, the northerly path seems to be a very entice option to the road leading through the Suez Canal or Panama Canal. however, it is much more unmanageable. Russians chiefly use it. September is there the warmest month, and the cross of the road requires the use of icebreakers because 45 % of the area is calm covered by frosting. however, russian plans assume an addition in sea freight from 10.7 million tons in 2017 to 80 million tons in 2024. The export of liquefied flatulence and climate change will help achieve this finish .
Global
warming as an opportunity for the North Sea Road
Melting glaciers make it easier to cross the North Sea Road. The area of ice rink in the north decreases class by year. Climate changes over the last 30 years have caused the melt of the Icy Ocean. According to estimates, in 2030, there will be no more ice there. A record low internal-combustion engine floor was recorded in 2017. The lapp was said in 2016 and 2015. The situation persists, and scientists from NSIDC ( National Snow and Ice Data Center ) sound the alarm .
From an ecological point of view, the data presented by them is shocking. specially considering that until now the North Sea Route was available merely for four months a year, and it required the practice of icebreakers to overcome it. however, what is perceived with horror for some, for others is perceived as a chance for enrichment .
China –
Russia’s key partner on the new route
China is becoming the most important partner of Russia during investments related to NSR. The multi-billion loans of the Chinese Development Bank or the taiwanese first step of the Polar Silk Road testify to the interest in this project. It should be noted that the state-owned CNPC concern holds angstrom much as 20 % of shares in the Yamal LNG terminal. On the other bridge player, 9.9 % of shares are owned by the taiwanese investing fund Silk Road Fund .
The Chinese have no experience in maritime conveyance on the northerly route. They do not have many ships adapted to breaking the frosting. chinese cargo conveyance company COSCO has one icebreaker, 160 thousand long. It was built in 2002 and allowed transporting about 19,000 tons of goods. however, it seems that climate variety is in favor of Central China entrepreneurs, which is why China is aiming to use NSR as a road to european markets. Will the ship from China cruise firm ?
Read more: Maritime on Audiotree Live (Full Session)
Transport
In 2017, trade with the EU amounted to approx. 573 billion EUR, of which over 60 % of trade came from nautical transport. Forecasts indicate that in 2025, the rally of goods may exceed 650 billion EUR .
The enchant of goods by sea is undoubtedly one of the cheapest forms of department of transportation, however, one must take into score the fact that the ship from China is flowing for quite a long clock time. normally, it is for 30-33 days. If person cares about lower costs, he should choose this form, but if it besides depends on time, it is proposed to choose railway transportation .
