Building the Great Pyramid of Giza: A Game Theory Puzzle



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Ra and Osiris want to build the Great Pyramid of Giza. They have three rules regarding its construction. First, the pyramid must be built from left to right and then bottom to top. Second, only one or two blocks can be placed at a time. Finally, if two blocks are placed, they must be placed on the same row. Ra goes first, and they take turns thereafter. The winner is the god who places the final block. Who will emerge victorious?

The images of Ra ( and Osiris ( are licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 International:

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samter

Great pyramid? More like…another fascinating video. Thanks so much for sharing!

Joe D

First move) take 2 blocks.
Other moves) take a different number of blocks than your opponent took
Second to last row) take 1 block

manaphylv100

Here's an easy way to memorize the strategy: avoid every third block.

Jordan Kizer

It seems like there's another dominant strategy here: play the opposite of your opponent (if they play 1, you play 2; if they play 2, you play 1) until you reach the top two rows (which can be easily deduced when you get there). If you go first, start by playing 2 and continue with the defined strategy. If you go second, play the defined strategy with one important exception: the first time your opponent plays 1, also play 1. Then continue with the defined strategy. If you go second and your opponent never plays a 1, you will lose.

Would this strategy work for a pyramid of any height?

Kanish Jain

Wowww. Thank you⭐